CHAPTER I.

_A shipwreck, and preparations for deliverance._

. . . . . Already the tempest had continued six terrible days, and

far from subsiding on the seventh, its fury seemed to increase.

We had wandered so materially from the right track, and were

so forcibly driven toward the south-east, that not a creature

on board knew where we were. The ship’s company were exhausted

by constant labour and watching, and the courage which had hitherto

sustained them now began to fail. The masts had been shivered

to pieces and cast into the sea; several leaks appeared, and

the ship began to fill. The sailors forbore from swearing, and

were now employed in prayers, or in making the absurdest vows

as the condition of their release from danger. Each recommended

his soul to God, but at the same moment thought of contriving

the best means for preserving his life. My children, said I to

my four boys who clung to me in terrible alarm, God can save

us, for nothing is impossible to him; but if he sees fit that

we should not be saved, we must not murmur at his decree, but

rely that what he does is most for our good; that we shall be

near him in heaven, and united through eternity. Death may be

well supported when it does not separate those who love.

My excellent wife wiped the tears which were falling on her cheeks,

and from this moment became more tranquil; she encouraged the

youngest children, who were leaning on her knees; while I, who

owed them an example of firmness, was scarcely able to resist

the grief which assailed my heart at the thought of what would

most likely be the fate of beings so tenderly beloved. We all

fell on our knees, and supplicated the God of mercy to protect

us; and the emotion and the fervour of the innocent creatures

are a convincing proof, that even in childhood, devotion may

be felt and understood, and that its effects, tranquillity and

consolation, may be no less certainly experienced.

Fritz, my eldest son, implored in a loud voice that God would

deign to save his dear parents and his brothers, generously unmindful

of himself: they got up with a state of mind so improved, that

they seemed forgetful of the impending danger. I myself began

to feel my confidence in Providence increase as I beheld the

affecting group. Heaven will surely have pity on them, thought

I, and will save their parents to guard their tender years!

At this moment a cry of Land, land, was heard through the roaring

of the waves, and instantly the vessel struck against a rock

with so violent a motion as to drive every one from his place;

a tremendous cracking succeeded, as if the ship was going to

pieces; the sea rushed in, in all directions; we perceived that

the vessel had grounded and could not long hold together. The

captain in a mournful voice called out that all was lost, and

bade the men lose not a moment in putting out the boats. The

sounds fell on my heart like a blow from a dagger: We are lost!

I exclaimed; and the children broke out into piercing cries.

I then recollected myself, and endeavoured to be more composed;

and addressing them again, I exhorted them to courage, by observing

that the water had not yet reached us, that the ship was near

land, and that Providence would assist the brave. Keep where

you are, added I, while I go and examine what is best to be done.

I left my family, and went on the deck. A wave instantly threw

me down and wetted me to the skin; another followed, and then

another. I sustained myself as steadily as I could; and when

I could look around, a scene of terrific and complete disaster

met my eyes: the ship was shattered on all sides, and split in

two on one side. The ship’s company crowded into the boats till

they could contain not one man more, and the last who entered

were now cutting the ropes to move off. I called to them with

entreaties and prayers to stop and receive us also, but in vain;

for the roaring of the sea prevented my being heard, and the

waves, which rose to the height of mountains, would have made

it impossible for a boat to return. All hope therefore from this

source was extinguished, for the boats and all they contained

were driving out of sight. My best consolation now was to observe

that the sea could not enter the ship above a certain height.

The stern, under which was the cabin that inclosed all that was

dear to me on earth, had been driven to a considerable height

between two rocks, where it appeared immoveably fixed; at the

same time in the distance southward I descried through clouds

and rain, several nooks of land, which, however rude and savage

in appearance, were the object of every hope I could form in

this distressing moment.

Sunk and desolate from the loss of every chance for human aid,

it was yet my duty to make every effort to appear serene before

my family. Courage, dear ones, cried I, on entering their cabin,

all is not yet lost. I will not conceal from you that the ship

is aground: but we are at least in greater safety than we should

be if she were beating upon the rocks: our cabin is above water;

and should the sea be more calm tomorrow, we may yet find means

to reach the land in safety.

What I had just said, appeased the fears of all; for they had

the habit of confiding in my assurances. They now therefore began

to feel the advantage of the ship’s remaining still; for its

motion had cruelly annoyed them by jostling them one against

another, and sometimes against the vessel. My wife, however,

more accustomed than the children to read my inmost thoughts,

perceived the anxiety which devoured me. I made her a sign which

conveyed an idea of the hopelessness of our situation, and I

had the consolation to see that she was resolved to support the

trial with resignation. Let us take some nourishment, said she:

our courage will strengthen with our bodies; we shall perhaps

need this comfort to support a long and melancholy night.

Soon after the evening set in: the tempest and the waves continued

their fury; the planks and beams of the vessel separated in many

parts with a horrible crash. It seemed impossible for the boats,

or any one of the persons they contained, to escape the raging

of the storm.

Papa, cried my youngest boy, six years old, will not God assist

us soon?

Hold your tongue, replied his eldest brother. Do you not know

that it is our duty not to prescribe to God, but to wait for

his assistance with patience and humility?

Well spoken, my boy, said I; but you should not have reproved

your brother so sharply. The eldest instantly ran and kissed

the innocent little creature.

In the mean while, their mother had prepared our meal, and the

four boys partook of it with an appetite to which their parents

were strangers. They afterwards went to bed, and in a short time,

in spite of the tempest, they were snoring soundly. Fritz, the

eldest, sat up with us. I have been examining, said he after

a long silence, how it may be possible to save ourselves. If

we had only some instruments for swimming, some bladders or cork

jackets for my mother and my brothers, you and I, father, would

soon contrive to swim to land.

That is a good thought, said I: we will see if we can bring it

to bear this very night, for fear of the worst.

Fritz and I immediately looked about for some small empty tubs

or casks, or tin canisters, heavy enough to keep one of our children

in a state of equilibrium on the surface of the water; these

we fastened two and two together with handkerchiefs or towels,

leaving about a foot distance between them; attaching this sort

of swimming-jacket under the arms of each child; my wife, at

the same time, preparing one for herself. We all provided ourselves

with knives, some string, some turfs, and other necessaries which

could be put into the pocket, proceeding upon the hope, that

if the ship should go to pieces in the night, we should either

be able to swim to land or be driven thither by the waves.

Fritz, who had been up the whole of the preceding night, and

was fatigued with his new and laborious occupation, now lay down

near his brothers, and was soon asleep; but their mother and

I, too full of anxiety to close our eyes, kept watch, listening

to every sound that seemed to threaten a further change in our

situation. We passed this terrible night in prayer, in agonizing

apprehensions, and in forming various resolutions as to what

we should next attempt. We hailed with joy the first gleam of

light which shot through a small opening of the window. The raging

of the winds had begun to abate, the sky was become serene, and

with hope swelling in my bosom, I beheld the sun already tinging

the horizon: thus revived, I hastily summoned my wife and the

boys to the deck, that they might partake of the scene. The children

asked with much surprise why we were there alone and what had

become of the ship’s company. I answered that they were gone

away in the boats. Next followed, Why did they not take us with

them? How are we to do without their assistance? How shall we

know where we are?

Dearest children, said I, a Being more powerful than man has

helped us to the present moment, and will, no doubt, continue

to help us, if we do not abandon ourselves to a fruitless complaining

and despair. Observe our companions, in whom we had so much

confidence, have deserted us without mercy, and that Divine

Providence has given us protection! But, my dear ones, we must

now trust to our own exertions. Let us be willing to help ourselves,

and we shall obtain support from Heaven. Let us never forget

this useful maxim, and let each labour according to his strength.

Now let us see what in our situation it is best to set about next.

Fritz advised that we should all throw ourselves into the sea,

while it was calm, and swim to land. Ah! that may be well enough

for you, said Ernest, for you can swim; but we others should

soon be drowned. Would it not be better to make a float of rafts,

and get to land all together upon it?

Vastly well, answered I, if we had the means for contriving such a

float, and if, after all, it were not a dangerous sort of conveyance.

Come along, my boys, let each go a different way about the ship,

and see what he can do to be useful, and what he can find to

enable us to get away.

They now all sprang from me with eager looks to do what I had

desired. I, on my part, lost no time in examining what we had to

depend upon in regard to provisions and fresh water, the principles

of life; my wife and the youngest boy visited all the animals,

whom they found in a pitiable condition, and nearly perishing

with hunger and thirst. Fritz repaired to the ammunition chamber,

Ernest to the carpenter’s cabin, and Jack to the apartment of

the captain; but scarcely had he opened the door, when two large

dogs sprung joyfully upon him, and saluted him with such rude

affection, that, finding himself nearly thrown down, he roared

for assistance as if they had been killing him. Hunger, however,

had rendered the animals so gentle, that they licked his hands

and face, uttering all the time a low sort of groan, and continued

their caresses till he was almost suffocated. Poor Jack exerted

all his strength in aiming blows at them to drive them away:

at last he began to sympathize in their joyful movements, and

put himself upon another footing; got upon his legs; and gently

taking the largest dog by the ears, he sprang upon his back,

and with great gravity presented himself thus mounted before

me as I came out of the ship’s hold. I could not refrain from

laughing, and I praised his courage: but I added a little exhortation

to be cautious, and not go too far with animals of this species,

who in a state of hunger might be dangerous.

By and by my little company were again assembled round me, and

each boasted of what he had to contribute. Fritz had two fowling

pieces, some powder and some small shot contained in horn flasks,

and balls in bags.

Ernest produced his hat filled with nails, and held in his hands

a hatchet and a hammer; in addition, a pair of pincers, a pair

of large scissars, and an auger, peeped out at his pocket-hole.

Even the little Francis carried under his arm a box of no very

small size, from which he eagerly produced what he called some

little sharp-pointed hooks. His brothers smiled scornfully. Vastly

well, gentlemen, said I; but let me tell you that the youngest

has brought the most valuable prize: and this is often the case

in the world; the person who least courts the smiles of Fortune,

and in the innocence of his heart is scarcely conscious of her

existence, is often he to whom she most readily presents herself.

These little sharp-pointed hooks, as Francis calls them, are

fishing-hooks, and will probably be of more use in preserving

our lives than all we may find besides in the ship. In justice,

however, I must confess that what Fritz and Ernest have contributed,

will also afford us essential service.

I for my part, said my wife, have brought nothing; but I have

some tidings to communicate which I hope will secure my welcome:

what I have to tell, is, that I have found on board the ship,

a cow and an ass, two goats, six sheep, and a sow big with young,

all of whom I have just supplied with food and water, and that

I reckon on being able to preserve their lives.

All this is admirable, said I to my little labourers, and there

is only master Jack, who, instead of thinking of something that

might be useful, has done us the favour to present us two personages

who no doubt will be principally distinguished by being willing

to eat more than we shall have to give them.

Ah! replied Jack; but I know that if we can once get to land,

you will see that they will assist us in hunting and shooting.

True enough, said I; but be so good as to tell us how we are

to get to land, and whether you have contrived the means.

I am sure it cannot be very difficult, said Jack with an arch

motion of his head. Look here at these large tubs. Why cannot

each of us get into one of them, and float to the land? I remember

I succeeded very well in this manner on the water when I was

visiting my godfather at S***.

Every hint is good for something, cried I, and I begin to think

that what Jack has suggested is worth a trial; the counsels of

even a child may be worth consideration, and should be accepted

with gratitude. Quick then. Jack, give me the saw, the auger,

and some nails; we will see what is to be done. I recollected

having seen some empty casks in the ship’s hold; we went down,

and found them floating with the water which had got into the

vessel; it cost us but little trouble to hoist them up and place

them on the lower deck, which was at this time scarcely above

water. We saw with delight that they were all made of excellent

wood, well guarded by iron hoops, and in every respect in sound

condition; they were exactly suited for my object; and with the

assistance of my sons I instantly began to saw them in two. In

a certain time I had produced eight tubs of equal size and of

the proper height. We now allowed ourselves some refreshment

from the wine and biscuit with which some of these very casks

were still filled.

I contemplated with perfect satisfaction my eight little tubs

ranged in a line. I was surprised to see that my wife was still

dejected; she sighed deeply as she looked at them: Never, never,

cried she, can I venture to get into one of these.

Do not decide so hastily, my dear, said I: my plan is not yet

complete, and you will see presently that it is more worthy of

our confidence than this shattered vessel, which cannot move

from its place.

I then sought for a long plank capable of being a little curved,

and contrived to fasten my eight tubs to it, leaving a space

at each end of the plank, reaching beyond the tubs, and presenting

an outline like the keel of a vessel; we next nailed all the

tubs to the plank, and then the tubs to each other as they stood

side by side, to make them the firmer, and afterwards two other

planks of the same length as the first, on each side of the tubs.

When all this was finished, we found we had produced a kind of

narrow boat divided into eight compartments, which I had no doubt

would be able to perform a short course in calm water.

But, unfortunately, our marvellous machine proved so heavy, that

with the strength of all united, we were not able to move it

an inch from its place. I bade Fritz fetch me a crow, who soon

returned with it: in the meanwhile I sawed a thick round pole

into several pieces, to make some rollers. I now with the crow

easily raised the foremost part of my machine, while Fritz placed

one of the rollers under it.

How astonishing, said Ernest, that this engine, which is smaller

than any of us, can do more than our united strength was able

to effect! I wish I could know how it is constructed.

I explained to him as well as I could, the power of Archimedes’s

lever, with which he said he could move the world if you would

give him a point from which his mechanism might act, and promised

to explain the nature of the operation of the crow when we should

be safe on land.

One of the points of my system of education was to awaken the

curiosity of my sons by interesting observations, to leave time

for the activity of their imagination, and then to correct any

error they might fall into. I contented myself now, however,

with this general remark, That God sufficiently compensated the

natural weakness of man by the gifts of reason, invention, and

the adroitness of the hands; and that human meditation and reflection

had composed a science called mechanics, the object of which

was, to teach us how to make our own natural strength act to

an incredible distance and with extraordinary force, by the

intervention of instruments.

Jack here remarked that the action of the crow was very slow.

Better slow than never, Jack, replied I. Experience has ever

taught, and mechanical observations have established as a principle,

that what is gained in speed is lost in strength; the purpose

of the crow is not to enable us to raise any thing rapidly, but

to raise what is exceedingly heavy; and the heavier the thing

we would move, the slower is the mechanical operation. But are

you aware, what we have at our command to compensate this slowness?

Yes, it is turning the handle quicker.

Your guess is wrong; that would be no compensation: the true

remedy, my boy, is to call in the assistance of patience and

reason; with the aid of these two fairies I am in hopes to set

my machine afloat. As I said this, I tied a long cord to its

stern, and the other end of it to one of the timbers of the ship

which appeared to be still firm, so that the cord being left

loose would serve to guide and restrain it when launched. We

now put a second and a third roller under, and applying the crow,

to our great joy our construction descended into the water with

such a velocity, that if the rope had not been well fastened

it would have gone far out to sea. But now a new misfortune presented

itself: the machine leaned so much on one side that my boys all

exclaimed they could not venture to get into it. I was for some

moments in the most painful perplexity; but it suddenly occurred

to me that ballast only was wanting to set it straight. I threw

every thing I could find that was weighty and of small size into

the tubs: by degrees the machine recovered, and was at length

quite straight and firm in the water, and seeming to invite us to

take refuge in its protection. All now would have thrown themselves

at once into it, and the boys began to push each other, and dispute

which should get in first.

I however drew them back, plainly perceiving that at best the

voyage would be hazardous, and that the least motion of even

one of these boisterous children might upset it and cause us

to be all drowned. In seeking for a remedy for this inconvenience,

I recollected that savage nations make use of a paddle for preventing

their canoes from upsetting. With this thought I once more set

to work to make one of these, that the completion of a contrivance

which promised safety to so many cherished beings might not be

wanting.

I took two of the poles of equal length, upon which the sails

of the vessel had been stretched, and fixed one of them at the

head and the other at the stern of my floating machine, in such

a manner as to enable us to turn them at pleasure to right or

left, as should best answer the purpose of guiding our machine,

and putting it out to sea. I stuck the end of each pole, or paddle,

into the bung-hole of an empty brandy keg, which served to keep

the paddles steady, and to prevent any interruption in the management

of the machine.

There remained nothing more for me to do, but to find out in

what way I could clear out from the incumbrance of the wreck

and get completely to sea. I got into the first tub, and steered

the head of the machine, so as to make it enter the cleft in

the ship’s side where it could remain quiet. I then remounted

the vessel, and sometimes with the saw and sometimes with the

hatchet, I cleared away to right and left every thing that could

obstruct our passage: and that being effected, we next secured

some oars for our voyage the next morning.

We had spent the day in laborious exertions; it was already late;

and as it would not have been possible to reach the land that

evening, we were obliged, though much against our inclination,

to pass a second night in the wrecked vessel, which at every

instant threatened to fall to pieces. We now refreshed ourselves

by a regular meal, for during the day’s work, we had scarcely

allowed ourselves to take a bit of bread or a glass of wine.

Being in a more tranquil and unapprehensive state of mind than

the preceding day, we all abandoned ourselves to sleep; not however

till I had used the precaution of tying the swimming apparatus

round my three youngest boys and my wife, as a means of safety,

if the storm should again come on and should put the finishing

stroke to the destruction of the vessel. I also advised my wife

to dress herself in the clothes of one of the sailors, which

was so much more convenient for swimming, or any other exertions

she might be compelled to engage in. She consented, but not without

reluctance, and left us, to look for one that might best suit

her size. In a quarter of an hour she returned, dressed in the

clothes of a young man who had served as volunteer on board the

ship, and which she had found in his chest. She approached us

with a natural timidity: but I soon found means to reconcile

her to the change, by representing the many advantages it gave

her. At length she joined in the merriment her dress occasioned,

and one and all crept into our separate hammocks, where a delicious

repose prepared us for the renewal of our labours.